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You don't need a linguist. You need a philosopher. I recommend Robert Brandom, who wrote regarding rationality: "Rational beings are ones that ought to have reasons for what they do, and ought to act as they have reason to. They are subjects of rational obligations, prohibitions, and permissions." Given this definition it is obvious what the problem is: LLMs lack this normative dimension. They are not capable of binding themselves by what they believe or say in the way that any rational being would.

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